Li Lu watch & Balance Sheet Recession!

We had posted about Li Lu and his efforts to gather data from China with observations on the Covid issue (here) Li Lu is largely credited with bringing BYD to the attention of Charlie Munger, Sokol and then Warren Buffett following which Berkshire bought a stake in BYD.

In nov 2019, Li Lu published an essay in Mandarin on China. A couple of bloggers recently translated that article and you can find it here. It is quite a fascinating read.  It prominently refers a book that I had read earlier this year and it made quite an impression on me. The article refers to the work to Richard C. Koo, who is a strong proponent of balance sheet recessions. Using this concept, he explains the lost decades in Japan and the lack of inflation & growth even though the government and the central bank has been injecting enormous stimulus & liquidity into the economy.  Richard argues that since the recession in 2008, the similarities to Japan have magnified in the western economies and tries to correlate the lack of inflation in EU and US to Japan despite massive interventions. He further lays the groundwork explaining that fiscal stimulus during times of deleverage of the private sector can be offset by fiscal intervention through government spending to keep the economy afloat without going through a depression type environment.

Another article along similar lines came from LT3000 here.

Li Lu’s essays, LT3000 lucid thoughts and Richard Koo’s work gives investors a perspective or a framework on how the government fiscal intervention in times like the Covid crisis  might pan out for inflation & growth.

 

 

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Thoughts on Buybacks and Berkshire

There are capital allocators and there are good capital allocators.

At one end of the spectrum, you have airlines who are being eviscerated for spending close to all their  free cash flow on buybacks. The management, fully aware of the operating leverage of their fixed assets, not only levered the company financially but also did not build up any resiliency in their balance sheets for any external shocks and are now looking for federal help to stem the crisis. Ditto with banks, where the supposedly Fort Knox balance sheets were tested and fed liquidity tap has opened up again and buybacks suspended. A classic case of buyback when the prices are high and not so much when they could be a bargain to their TBV.

On the other hand end of the spectrum, we have companies like Berkshire. While their equities portfolio is getting hammered with the rest of the market, they are sitting on mountains of cash ($128B+) as of Dec 2019 and an environment where they can deploy the cash effectively. Berkshire has resisted doing massive buybacks just because it had cash and is now looking smarter and better positioned than other companies that deployed a ton of cash at market highs.

Now the rubber will hit the road for Berkshire. They are in an environment where they can deploy cash more easily and furthermore the shares are trading at a multiple of book value that Berkshire has purchased stock back in the past.

H/T to @investor_bad who posts Berkshire daily BV with respect to the portfolio changes.

 

Berkshire adds index funds?

Something peculiar caught my eye in the Berkshire 13F filing this quarter. It is a very small holding and completely irrelevant given the size of the equity portfolio for Berkshire. The position is sized at a little over $25M and is too small even for Berkshire’s two investment managers, Todd and Ted. However, this is the first time to the best of my knowledge that Berkshire has purchased the S&P index (SPDR and the Vanguard S&P 500 ETF) as part of its main portfolio.

Time will tell whether this is the beginning of Berkshire deploying excess cash through an index fund or just a small position with no relevance in the bigger picture. While Warren Buffet has long been a proponent of S&P index for general investors, this is the first time he has used it as part of Berkshire’s portfolio.

13-f Link here

Consolidated portfolio changes from Dataroma (here)

Berkshire Quarterly Watch!

Berkshire Hathaway announced another solid quarter on Saturday. With unrealized investment gains flowing through its P&L, the results do incorporate wild swings in equities that needs to be accounted for while evaluating the results.

Revenue for Berkshire was up almost 2% YoY from $62.2B in 2018 to $63.6B in 2019. Investment gains were $10B in Q2 2019 compared to $6.3B in Q2 2018. Energy revenues were slightly down from $3.7B to $3.6B in Q2 2019. Insurance losses were sharply up from $9.4B to $10.7B or 13.8% on a much lower revenue growth of 3%.

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The results do not include the Kraft Heinz results for the first half of 2019 as the results have not been announced yet.

From an earnings perspective, significantly lower earnings from Geico, Berkshire Hathaway reinsurance and Primary group affected the overall operating earnings for Berkshire.

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Berkshire continues to maintain a very conservative portfolio on the fixed income side with less than $20B compared to its $200B equity portfolio. It  is a clear sign that WEB thinks that the bond market is overvalued and the returns do not justify the risk.

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On the equity side, Berkshire sold more than it bought in the first six months and the cost basis remained roughly the same at $102.6B. Berkshire sold $4.6B of equities and bought around $2.8B in the first six months.  The only notable news is that Wells Fargo continues to be a key part of the portfolio and BAC has now crossed the 10% ownership threshold for Berkshire.   In the first six months of the year,  $29.3B of net unrealized gains was recognized on the income statement.

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Interestingly, the derivatives that Berkshire wrote before 2008 are starting to expire. Out of the notional exposure of $24B, over $10B will expire in 2019.

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The buyback from Berkshire was also pretty lukewarm in Q2. $440M was repurchased in Q2 2019. With the cash balances further swelling to $122.3B, hopefully the repurchases will get more meaningful over time.

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Brief thoughts on valuation:

Another robust quarter for Berkshire. Our thoughts on the valuation is a simple SOTP that many other value investors do.  Berkshire can be divided into operating earnings of the business and the portfolio investments. Berkshire earned $10.8B pre-tax in their operating business (excluding insurance) in the first six months, with a run rate of $21.6B for the year. At a safe multiple of 10 given the robustness and the mix of the businesses, it amounts to $216B. I prefer to take the insurance earnings as zero given the cyclical nature of the business even though Berkshire has made profits very consistently. Portfolio investments at the face value of equity + fixed income + equity method investments and cash is approx. $358B. In total, the intrinsic value is about $574B with 2.452B B shares outstanding resulting in a conservative intrinsic value of  $234 / B share.

Disclosure: Long BRK.B

Not a recommendation.